Heart health evidence brief
Plant sterols and stanols lower LDL cholesterol by reducing cholesterol absorption, but they should be framed as a lipid-marker tool, not a broad heart-health shortcut.
Dose-response meta-analysis of 124 studies found consistent LDL lowering across roughly 0.6-3.3 g/day intakes.
Common evidence-based intakes are about 1.5-3 g/day with meals, usually from fortified foods or specific capsule/tablet formats.
They have not replaced outcome-proven therapies. They can lower carotenoid levels slightly, so diet quality still matters.
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